Altaic etymology : Query result

Proto-Altaic: *ŭ̀č`o

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to fly, fall

Russian meaning: лететь, падать

Turkic: *uč-

Tungus-Manchu: *(x)uča-

Japanese: *ǝ̀tǝ́-

Comments: АПиПЯЯ 282.

Proto-Altaic: *úč`u ( ~ -o)

Meaning: spray, urine

Russian meaning: струя, моча

Turkic: *uč-

Tungus-Manchu: *uče-

Korean: *òčóm

Comments: Phonetically plausible; however, late attestation and expressive reflexes in Turkic reduce the reliability of the etymology.

Proto-Altaic: *udu ( ~ -i, ŋ-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: arm, thigh

Russian meaning: рука, бедро

Turkic: *ud-luk

Japanese: *ùntài

Comments: A Turk.-Jpn. isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *udV ( ~ i̯u-, i̯o-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: ox, buffalo

Russian meaning: вол, буйвол

Turkic: *ud

Mongolian: *odu-s

Comments: A Turk.-Mong. isogloss. EAS 153 (despite criticism in TMN 2, 141 the old etymology may still be valid), Лексика 435.

Proto-Altaic: *udV ( ~ o-, i̯u-, i̯o-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: rain

Russian meaning: дождь

Tungus-Manchu: *udu-n

Korean: *òrán-

Comments: A Tung.-Kor. isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *úgà

Meaning: a k. of ferment

Russian meaning: вид закваски

Turkic: *ugut

Mongolian: *(h)aɣag

Tungus-Manchu: *ug-

Japanese: *ákú

Comments: A reliable common Altaic root.

Proto-Altaic: *uge

Meaning: owl

Russian meaning: сова

Turkic: *ügi

Mongolian: *uɣuli

Tungus-Manchu: *oksari

Comments: Лексика 171. An onomatopoetic Western isogloss, which does not exclude its antiquity (despite TMN 2, 156).

Proto-Altaic: *ugi ( ~ o-, -e, i̯u-)

Meaning: birch or larch bark

Russian meaning: кора березы или лиственницы

Mongolian: *üji(l)-su

Tungus-Manchu: *ug-da-

Comments: A Mong.-Tung. isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *uji ( ~ *o-)

Meaning: a k. of small animal

Russian meaning: вид небольшого животного

Mongolian: *üjeŋ

Tungus-Manchu: *oja

Japanese: *u

Comments: One of the many common Altaic names for small animals.

Proto-Altaic: *ujkV

Meaning: a k. of horned animal

Russian meaning: вид рогатого животного

Turkic: *ograk

Mongolian: *ugalǯa

Tungus-Manchu: *ujKam

Comments: A Western isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *ùjò

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: relation

Russian meaning: родственник

Turkic: *uja

Tungus-Manchu: *oji-

Japanese: *ǝ̀jà

Comments: The root probably denoted 'relative, kin' in a broad sense.

Proto-Altaic: *ùjrV́ ( ~ o-, -jl-, e-u,a-u)

Meaning: melon

Russian meaning: дыня

Korean: *ōi

Japanese: *ùrí

Comments: Martin 236, Whitman 1985, 187, 194, 245. A Kor.-Jpn. isogloss: phonetically very similar to *ójle 'small fruit' (q. v.), but the semantic difference is baffling.

Proto-Altaic: *uju

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: sad, ashamed

Russian meaning: печальный, смущенный

Turkic: *uja-

Mongolian: *uj

Tungus-Manchu: *oji-

Japanese: *u-

Comments: A dental derivative *uju-tV seems to be reconstructable on the basis of PT *uja-t-, PM *uji-d- and Manchu oj-ta-bu-. It cannot be excluded, however, that we are dealing with two different derivatives, somewhat mixed up: *uju-t`V- (PT *uja-t-, MMong. uji-t-, Manchu oj-ta-bu-) and *uju-dV- (OT uja-d-, PM *uji-d-).

Proto-Altaic: *ujV(k`V)

Meaning: stockings, trousers

Russian meaning: чулки, штаны

Turkic: *ujuk

Tungus-Manchu: *oji(ki)

Comments: A Turk.-Tung. isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *ùkú

Meaning: to take, grasp, meet

Russian meaning: брать, хватать, встречать

Turkic: *ug-ra-

Mongolian: *ugtu-

Tungus-Manchu: *oKa--

Korean: *ùhɨ́i-

Japanese: *ùká-

Comments: Korean has a usual low verbal tone.

Proto-Altaic: *úku ( ~ o-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: wet, wash

Russian meaning: мокрый, мыть

Mongolian: *ug-

Tungus-Manchu: *uK-

Korean: *hǝ̀i- ( < *uhǝi-)

Japanese: *úk-

Comments: For the Kor. form see notes to *k`ḗja.

Proto-Altaic: *uk`e

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: a k. of bucket, fish-trap

Russian meaning: вид ведра, ловушка для рыбы

Tungus-Manchu: *ukī

Korean: *oku

Japanese: *bǝ̀kaî

Comments: An Eastern isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *úk`è

Meaning: hill

Russian meaning: холм

Mongolian: *(h)ukaɣa

Tungus-Manchu: *(x)uKu-

Japanese: *bǝ́ká

Comments: Cf. *bū̀k`e. {Cf. PEsAl *aku- 'precipice'?}

Proto-Altaic: *uk`è

Meaning: stupid, arrogant

Russian meaning: глупый, надменный

Turkic: *ökte-

Mongolian: *(h)üki

Tungus-Manchu: *(x)uKu-

Japanese: *bǝkǝ

Comments: The basic meaning of the root appears to be 'stupid', whence 'insincere' and 'proud, arrogant'.

Proto-Altaic: *uk`i ( ~ -e)

Meaning: to die, be hungry

Russian meaning: умирать

Mongolian: *ükü-

Tungus-Manchu: *(x)uk-ti-

Comments: A Mong.-Tung. isogloss; very scantily represented in TM, therefore dubious.